Recursion in CPP

When a function calls itself within its function block, it is called as self calling by a function. This whole process of self calling by a function is often termed as Recursion. Recursion is used to create a loop like behavior using a function and without using loop statements.

Syntax:

Return_type function_Name(parameters)

{

code to be executed;

   function_Name(parameters);

}

Example: Factorial of 5 using Recursion.

#include <iostream.h>
using namespace std;
 
int main()  
{  
int factorial(int);  
int fact=factorial(5);  
cout<<"Factorial of 5 is: "<<fact<<endl;  
return 0;  
}  
 
int factorial(int n)  
{  
if(n<0)  
return(-1);   
if(n==0)  
return(1);  
else  
{  
return(n*factorial(n-1)); 	 
}  
}

Output

Factorial of 5 is: 120