Evolution happens on both small scale, and large scale. Broadly speaking, the change in the genetic makeup is known as evolution and it happens over a certain period. Based on the scale, two types of evolution are defined by the biologists.
Microevolution: It refers to the changes at the small scale, which affects only one, or few genes, and it occurs in the populations over the shorter period.
Macroevolution: It refers to the changes at a large scale, and these changes occur over the extended period, such as development, and the formation of new species, and the groups.
These evolutions are not the different processes, they are the same but the main thing is that they are occurring at a different time scale.
Paleontological Evolution
Paleontology is an important field for the understanding of evolution. It involves the study of prehistoric life, including the footprints, past climatic events, and the fossils. After death, the organisms are mixed with the soil. A sort of biological timeline is formed due to the fossil record. This evidence supports the body structure of the organisms, which is an important factor in the study the evolution.
Comparative Anatomy, and Embryology
According to Darwin, evolution is the descent of the modification, and it is a process, in which the species are changed and they give rise to the many species over time. He stated that a branching tree is formed by the evolutionary history of the life forms. And all of the species can be traced back to their ancient common origin, or ancestors. According to this tree model, the groups of species, which are closely related have the most common ancestors. This idea can be used to know the work backward and it can be figured out how the organisms are similar due to their shared features.
Molecular Evidence of Evolution
Arguably, it can be said that the best evidence for evolution came by examining the DNA, and molecules, which are found in all the living things. The animals may have similar looks, but their evolutionary ancestry and DNA sequence may greatly vary. By the comparison of the genome, information about the relationship between the species, and evolution can be studied. The building blocks for the molecular evidence of evolution include DNA, RNA, proteins, and amino acids, etc. The pattern of evolution is confirmed by the similarities and differences between the organisms and the species.