Cytoplasm The fluid matrix filling the cell is known as the cytoplasm. It is colloidal in nature and does not show streaming movement. It contains ribosomes, mesosomes, inclusion bodies, genetic material etc. Ribosome In prokaryotes, ribosomes are found in association with the plasma membrane of the cell. It gives the cytoplasm a granular appearance. Ribosomes … Read more
Cell Envelope The prokaryotic cells have a very complex cell envelope. It is composed of three layers, each with a distinct function. An outer Glycocalyx A tough Cell Wall An inner Plasma membrane Glycocalyx Glycocalyx is a layer of polysaccharide (sometimes proteins) that protects the cell. The thickness and composition of glycocalyx differs in different … Read more
Cells are broadly divided into prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells, according to whether their genetic materials are enclosed by a nuclear envelope or not. Prokaryotic cells: Prokaryotic (pro-primitive, karyon-nucleus) cells are the most primitive cells. They do not contain a definite nucleus They are comparatively smaller. The cells have very simple organization. Cell organelles are … Read more
All organisms are composed of a single cell and are called unicellular organisms while others are many cells called multicellular organisms. Cell The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms. The branch of biology that deals with the structural and functional organization of cells is called cell biology or cytology. … Read more
Sexual dimorphism They show sexual dimorphism. Male frogs produce sound sounds during mating. Hence, they possess sound producing vocal sacs. They also have a copulatory pad (nuptial pad) on the first digit of the fore limbs. Both these are absent in female frogs. Male reproductive organ The male reproductive system is composed of a pair … Read more
The body control and coordination in frogs are carried out by nervous system and the endocrine glands. Endocrine glands Endocrine glands are responsible for the chemical coordination in frogs. It is carried out by the secretions of these glands called hormones. The major endocrine glands found in a frog are Nervous System The nervous system … Read more
Frogs have a well-developed and closed type circulatory system (including a blood vascular system and a lymphatic system). The lymphatic system consists of – lymph, lymph channels and lymph nodes. Blood vascular system: It involves heart, blood vessels and blood Blood Vessels The arteries carry blood from the heart to all parts of the body … Read more
Digestive System The digestive system in frogs is complete, with a mouth and an anus. It consists of an alimentary canal and associated digestive glands. Salivary glands are absent in frogs. Adult frogs are carnivorous, while the tadpoles are herbivorous. Since frogs are carnivores, the length of intestine is reduced and therefore the alimentary canal … Read more
Frogs belong to Class Amphibia of Phylum Chordata.The most common frog species found in India is Euphlyctis hexadactylus (formerly known as Rana tigrina). Habitat Frogs can live both on land and in water. Some they mainly feed on insects. Some species also live on trees. Most of them are carnivorous. Frogs are poikilotherms or cold-blooded … Read more
Reproductive System The cockroaches are dioecius (unisexual). They have well developed reproductive organs. Male reproductive organ Male reproductive system consists of a pair of testes. They are found on the lateral side of the body along the 4th -6th abdominal segments. A thin tube called vas deferens arises from the testis. Vas deferens opens into … Read more