Human insulin was the initially recombinant bio-pharmaceutical approved in the US in 1982. Before that it introduction, protein products approved for use in humans were drawn from natural sources. Thus the discovery of new bio-pharmaceutical started at a rather leisurely pace. The hormone insulin is essential for the control of blood sugar ranges. Diabetes … Read more
About six million years ago, human evolution begins in Africa, and there is a long process of the changes, from which our ancestors went through and ultimately, they became modern human beings. The study of fossils helps to uncover this process and the underlying theory of evolution. The theory of human evolution is extremely … Read more
Biodiversity hotspots are the important places on the earth. They are biologically rich, but at the same time, they are deeply threatened. The work must be done for the conservation of the biological hotspots. For a region to qualify as the biodiversity hotspot, it must follow two main criteria. It should have at least … Read more
Hardy Weinberg’s principle is also known as the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium. Hardy was an English mathematician and Weinberg was a German doctor. Both of them worked separately, to find the principle of the population genetics. Now that principle is known as the Hardy Weinberg theorem. According to this principle, the allelic frequencies, are not … Read more
Introduction. A habitat is a natural environment in which a specific species of an organism resides/lives. Biological and physical features characterize it. Therefore, for a particular type of species to call a place a habitat, it must provide food, protection, shelter, and mates for reproductive purposes. A habitat is, therefore, a place an organism makes … Read more
The growth is the change in the size of the population over time. Growth is an important constituent of population ecology, that deals with the dynamics, of the species populations and their interaction with the environment. The study of the size owes to much demography. Regarding the population growth, the Thomas Malthus’ exponential law … Read more
When a planet’s surface is warmed to a temperature above what would be without its atmosphere due to trapped radiation from the planet’s atmosphere, this process is referred to as the greenhouse effect. As the Earth’s surface warms, it emits infrared radiation. Some of this heat is absorbed by greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, … Read more
GIFT stands for the gamete intrafallopian transfer and it is a tool of assisted reproductive technology that is used against the fertility. This process involves the removal of eggs from the women’s ovaries, and then they are placed in one of the fallopian tubes along with the sperm of a man. On average this … Read more
Genome A genome is associate degree organism’s complete set of deoxyribonucleic acid, as well as all of its genes. Each genome contains all of the knowledge required to make and maintain that organism. In humans, a duplicate of the complete genome—more than three billion deoxyribonucleic acid base pairs—is contained altogether, those cells that have a nucleus. … Read more
Bt-crop is one the type of genetically modified organism, named GMO. And is a plant or animal that has been genetically modified through the addition of a small number of genetic material from other organisms through molecular methods. Presently, the Genetically Modify Organisms on the market today have been given genetic traits to offer … Read more