Whenever you accidentally touch the hot pan or prick a penin your hand you react to this immediately by taking back your hands. Your actions are immediate, sudden and involuntary. In scientific term, this reaction of human beings is termed as reflex actions. In the reflex action, the spinal cord has a very vital role … Read more
Pituitary gland is an imperative part of the endocrine system. Mainly, it functions for the secretion of hormones to the bloodstream. These secreted hormones affect the other organs and the glands, especially the adrenal glands, thyroids, and the reproductive organs. Due to its vast range of activities, this gland is also known as the master … Read more
The pineal gland is also known as the epiphysis cerebri, pineal organ, pineal body, or conarium. It is found in the body of vertebrates and is an important source of melatonin that is the hormone, derived from the tryptophan and has the central role for the regulation of circadian rhythms. However, all the functions of … Read more
The word peristalsis is derived from the Greek word Peristellein, which means to wrap around or to set in order. Peristalsis involves the involuntary movements of the circular and the longitudinal muscles. Primarily it takes place in the digestive tract, but occasionally it can happen in other hollow tubes of the body, and it occurs … Read more
The peripheralnervous system is one of the two important systems in the human body after the central nervous system. The central nervous system works in inside of the brain and spinal and on the other hand, the peripheral nervous system works outside the brain and spinal as it consists of nerve and ganglia which are … Read more
Parathyroid glands functions to produce the parathyroid hormone that plays a key role in the regulation of calcium levels of blood. It is essential to maintain an adequate level of calcium in the human body, as any deviation from the normal levels can cause nerve and muscle problems. Anatomy of Parathyroid Glands The parathyroid glands … Read more
The pancreas is an important organ of the human endocrine system and is located in the abdominal part. It has a crucial role in converting the food to the fuel for the body. Two main functions are associated with the pancreas, an endocrine function for the regulation of blood sugar and an exocrine function that … Read more
Osteoporosis which is discovered by scholars as an infection which causes the bones to become weak and brittle, so brittle that a fall or even mild stresses like bending over or coughing cause a fracture. Osteoporosis-related incidents most commonly occur in the hip, wrist or spine. Bone is living tissue which is frequently being broken … Read more
Protein-energy malnutrition is an energy deficit because of deficiency of all macronutrients. It commonly includes deficiencies of many micronutrients. PEM are often abrupt and total (starvation) or gradual. Severity ranges from sub clinical deficiencies to obvious wasting (with dropsy, hair loss, and skin atrophy) to starvation. Multiple organ systems are often impaired. Classification and Etiology … Read more
Nephritis is a medical condition characterized by the inflammation of the kidneys. The kidneys are a number of the foremost hard-working organs within the body, except for the heart. They filter around fifty gallons of blood on a usual, 5 gallons of which are waste products that are excreted from the body through urine. When … Read more