Substitution Reactions of Diazonium Ions In the solutions of benzene diazonium chloride, diazonium ions are present. They have one N2+ group and in benzene diazonium chloride, it is attached to the benzene ring. In a set of reactions of diazonium ions, this group is replaced by something else, causing the release of nitrogen gas. Substitution … Read more
p-Block Elements: Coordination compounds Colour Transition metal ions show many intense colours in host crystals or solution. The colour of light absorbed by the complexed ion is related to electronic energy changes in the structure of the complex. Crystal field theory Crystal field theory assumes that the interaction between the metal ion and the ligand is … Read more
The vitamins are classified based on their solubility. Some vitamins are soluble in the fats and some are soluble in the water. Vitamin, A, D, E, and K are solubilized easily in the fats and they are stored in the body. Vitamin C and B complex vitamins are soluble in the water. They are not … Read more
In the class of organic compounds, carbohydrates are the most abundant, and they are the products of photosynthesis, formed by the endothermic reductive condensation of the carbon dioxide in the presence of the pigment chlorophyll and light energy. They are the main source of energy for metabolism for animals and plants or the living organisms … Read more
p-Block Elements: Coordination compounds Bonding The nature of bonding in complexes can be explained using several theories and some of them are discussed below: Valence Bond Approach (VBA) According to this approach, the formation of a complex is a reaction between a Lewis base (ligand) and a Lewis acid (metal or metal ion) happens in combination … Read more
We all in our daily lives suffer from some kind of physical pain. To get rid of that pain we take painkillers which are actually analgesics. Analgesics basically reduce or remove pain without leading to impairment of consciousness. Analgesics work on our system without causing any mental confusion, paralysis or any other disturbances in the … Read more
Artificial sweetener is one of the most attractive substitutes to sugar as it does not add many calories in our diet. It can be used directly in the processed food as in puddings, dairy products, candy, soft drinks, baked goods, jams and many other foods and beverages. It can also be used as a mixture … Read more
An antiseptic is a kind of substance which completely stops or litterly slow down the microorganism’s strength. They’re frequently used in hospitals and other medical settings to reduce the risk of infection during surgery and other procedures.If you’ve ever witnessed any type of surgery, you probably can see the surgeons shaling and rubbing hands and … Read more
Different type of organisms (fungi, bacteria, and virus) causes different kinds of infections and diseases in humans and animals. The drug used to prevent this pathogenicity of microorganism is called an antimicrobial agent. Examples: Antibiotics, antiseptics and disinfectants. Some of the antimicrobial agents and their types with examples are discussed as follows: Antimicrobial agents are used to … Read more
Histamine is a potent vasodilator. It has various functions. It basically contracts the smooth muscles in the bronchi and gut and relaxes other muscles. Histamine is also responsible for the nasal congestion caused by common cold and allergic response to pollen. The permeability of white blood cells is increased by histamine and this allows the … Read more