Composition and Size of Atomic Masses

For each matter, mass is the basic physical property. Atomic mass is the sum of all masses of electrons, neutrons, and protons, in an atom. As compared to the mass of neutrons, and protons, the mass of electrons is much less. For the elements, the atomic mass is the average mass of atoms of the … Read more

Composition and Size of the Nucleus

The composition of the nucleus can be described by the two main hypotheses, such as the proton-neutron hypothesis, and the proton-electron hypothesis. The nucleus of the atom is containing protons, and neutrons, while the electrons are revolving around the nucleus. In the atomic nucleus, the positively charged protons are close to each other. At the … Read more

Nuclear Fusion

By forcing the light nuclei together, they will be fused by yielding energy, as the mass of combination will always be less than the mass of masses of single nuclei. It is the process of nuclear reactions, where light elements are combined for making the heavier elements. In some cases where the interacting nuclei are … Read more

Internet, mobile telephony and global positioning system (GPS)

Basic ideas about internet: In the good ‘ole days, most of the people simply utilized the web to look for data. The present web is a continually advancing instrument, which contains an astounding assortment of data, yet in besides gives better approaches for getting to, communicating and associating with individuals and substance. The web is … Read more

Propagation of electromagnetic waves

Electromagnetic radiations are also known as electromagnetic waves which are basically described as a superimposed oscillation of an electric and magnetic field in space which is perpendicular to each other. In other words, electromagnetic waves are produced due to crossing-over an electric and magnetic field. The direction of these types of waves is perpendicular to … Read more

Need for modulation, amplitude modulation and frequency modulation

Need for modulation A communication channel just works at a specific frequency range like telephone cables, terrestrial (over the air broadcast), ethernet, optical fiber, etc. Modulation deciphers a signal from its baseband to the working range of the channel. By modulating various signals to various frequency bands, they can be transmitted at the same time … Read more

Energy bands in conductors, semiconductors and insulators

Energy Bands in Conductors: Metals like copper, aluminum we can see no forbidden gap between the valence band and conduction band. The two gaps cover. Subsequently, even at room temperature, an enormous number of electrons are accessible for conduction. So with no extra energy, such metals contain an enormous number of free electrons and subsequently … Read more

Energy levels

The energy level in quantum mechanics defined as a system or particle that is bond and confined spatially or which can only take on certain discrete values of energy. This makes a contrast between this and classical particles which can have any amount of energy. In physics, this term is commonly used for the energy … Read more

Hydrogen spectrum

All the lines in the absorption and emission of the spectrum of hydrogen when each one corresponding to an allow transition between the level of quantum energy it has been divided into a number of spectral series with wavelength given and these transitions are been seen between the energy due to the working of an … Read more

Radioactive Decay Law

The law about radioactive decay is a universal law, and it is used for describing the statistical behavior of a large number of nucleoids. The radioactive decay is not a regular process but a random one. It occurs at the level of single atoms, and according to the quantum theory, the prediction about the decay … Read more