The concept of heat, work, and internal energy is well demonstrated in the first law of thermodynamics. It is extensively used for discussing the heat engines. Joule is used as a standard unit for all of these quantities. Although, sometimes these quantities may also be expressed in the BTU’s or calories. Heat All the bodies … Read more
Heat transfer is a process or can say a discipline of thermal engineering that goes hand in hand with the generation, use, and exchange of thermal energy or heat between the physical systems. Heat conduction has given many terms scientifically but mainly it is called diffusion and it is the direct microscopic exchange of kinetic … Read more
Convection is the movement or transfer of heat from one place to another in the form of fluids and this is the most dominant form of heat transfer in the form of gasses and fluids. The convection is forced by the movements of fluids by means other than buoyancy force as we take the example … Read more
Radiation heat transfer is the process by which thermal energy exchanged between two surfaces obeying the law of electromagnetic so it does not require any medium and can be used for the transfer of heat in a vacuum. The light or heat from the sun reaches our planet earth because of the radiation and also … Read more
In the engineering and thermodynamics heat engine is a system for converting the chemical and thermal energy to the mechanical energy which can be used for mechanical work. This is done by bringing the substances from the state of the high temperature to the state of lower temperature. The heat source causes the generation of … Read more
The isothermal process is the thermodynamic process, in which the temperature of the system remains constant. The heat transfers out of the system or to the system should happen at the slower rates for continuous adjustment to the temperature of the reservoir, through the process of the heat exchange. The thermal equilibrium is maintained in … Read more
When there are some changes in the system from the initial state to the final state, then it is said that the system has undergone the process. During the thermodynamic processes, the one or more properties of the system, such as the pressure, temperature, enthalpy, volume, and the heat experiences the changes. The second law … Read more
In thermal expansion, there can be a change in matter shape, volume, and the area which is happening as a result of temperature change. The monotonic function of the average molecular kinetic energy of a substance is referred to as temperature. The kinetic energy usually increases when a substance experience heat, there used to be … Read more
Thermal conduction simply defined as the transport of energy due to random molecular motion across a temperature gradient somehow is distinguished from energy transport by convection and molecular work but in that, it does not involve the macroscopic flows. Mainly in engineering practice, it is common to work in term of qualities which are derivative … Read more
Surface tension and surface energy are measurements of unit forces that compose a material. Due to these intermolecular forces, a liquid surface is always being pulled inward. If one is to stretch the surface, work must be done to overcome the intermolecular forces. The tension on the surface of a liquid and therefore the quantity … Read more