Hibernate native SQL

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Native SQL refers to the real SQL for used database. Hibernate provides the facility to use native SQL. We can create a native SQL by createSQLQuery() method of Session interface.

Syntax of Hibernate native SQL which returns an object array:

Query query = session.createSQLQuery(“nativeSQL”);

Syntax of Hibernate native SQL which returns an entity:

Query query = session.createSQLQuery(“nativeSQL”).addEntity(entityName.class);

Example:

Student.java

/**
 * This class represents a persistent class for Student.
 * @author w3schools
 */
public class Student {
	//data members
	private int studentId;
	private String firstName;
	private String lastName;
	private String className;
	private String rollNo;
	private int age;
 
	//no-argument constructor
	public Student(){
 
	}
 
	//getter and setter methods
	public int getStudentId() {
		return studentId;
	}
	public void setStudentId(int studentId) {
		this.studentId = studentId;
	}
	public String getFirstName() {
		return firstName;
	}
	public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
		this.firstName = firstName;
	}
	public String getLastName() {
		return lastName;
	}
	public void setLastName(String lastName) {
		this.lastName = lastName;
	}
	public String getClassName() {
		return className;
	}
	public void setClassName(String className) {
		this.className = className;
	}
	public String getRollNo() {
		return rollNo;
	}
	public void setRollNo(String rollNo) {
		this.rollNo = rollNo;
	}
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
 
}

hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration SYSTEM
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
 
<hibernate-configuration>
 
    <session-factory>
        <property name="dialect">
           org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect
        </property>
        <property name="connection.url">
           jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:XE
        </property>
        <property name="connection.username">
           system
        </property>
        <property name="connection.password">
           oracle
        </property>
        <property name="connection.driver_class">
           oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
        </property>
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">
           update
        </property>
        <property name="show_sql">
           true
        </property>
 
        <mapping resource="student.hbm.xml"/>
 
    </session-factory>
 
</hibernate-configuration>

student.hbm.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping SYSTEM
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
 
<hibernate-mapping>
 
 <class name="com.w3schools.business.Student" table="Student">
  <id name="studentId" type="int" column="Student_Id">
	<generator class="native"></generator>
  </id>
 
  <property name="firstName" column="First_Name" type="string"/>
  <property name="lastName" column="Last_Name" type="string"/>
  <property name="className" column="Class" type="string"/>
  <property name="rollNo" column="RollNo" type="string"/>
  <property name="age" column="Age" type="int"/>
 
 </class>
 
</hibernate-mapping>

HibernateUtil.java

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
 
/**
 * This is a utility class for getting the hibernate session object.
 * @author w3schools
 */
public class HibernateUtil {
    private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory = 
                                           buildSessionFactory();
 
    private static SessionFactory buildSessionFactory() {
    	SessionFactory sessionFactory = null;
        try {
        	//Create the configuration object.
        	Configuration configuration = new Configuration(); 
        	//Initialize the configuration object 
                //with the configuration file data
        	configuration.configure("hibernate.cfg.xml");
        	// Get the SessionFactory object from configuration.
        	sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return sessionFactory;
    }
 
    public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
        return sessionFactory;
    }
 
}

HibernateTest.java

import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import com.w3schools.persistence.HibernateUtil;
 
/**
 * This class is used for the hibernate operations.
 * @author w3schools
 */
public class HibernateTest {
    public static void main(String args[]){
         //Create the student object.
         Student student = new Student();
 
        //Setting the object properties.
        student.setFirstName("Sunil");
        student.setLastName("Kunar");
        student.setClassName("MCA final");
        student.setRollNo("MCA/07/15");
        student.setAge(27);
 
         //Get the session object.
         Session session = 
                 HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().openSession();
 
         //Start hibernate transaction.
        session.beginTransaction();
 
        //Persist the student object.
        session.save(student);
 
        //Commit hibernate transaction.
        session.getTransaction().commit();
 
        //select student records using native query
        Query query1 = session.createSQLQuery(
        "select * from Student where rollNo = :rollNo");
        query1.setString("rollNo", "MCA/07/15");
 
        List studentList1 = query1.list();
 
        //select student records using native query
        //with addEntity attribute
        Query query2 = session.createSQLQuery(
        "select * from Student where rollNo = :rollNo")
        .addEntity(Student.class);
        query2.setString("rollNo", "MCA/07/15");
 
        List<Student> studentList2 = query2.list();        
 
        for(Student stu : studentList2){
            System.out.println("First Name: " 
                                    + stu.getFirstName()); 
            System.out.println("Last Name: " 
                                     + stu.getLastName()); 
            System.out.println("Class: " 
                                   + stu.getClassName()); 
            System.out.println("RollNo: " 
                                      + stu.getRollNo()); 
            System.out.println("Age: " + stu.getAge());     
        } 
 
        //Close hibernate transaction.
        session.close();
 
    }
}

Output:

Hibernate: select hibernate_sequence.nextval from dual
Hibernate: insert into Student (First_Name, Last_Name, Class, 
RollNo, Age, Student_Id) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: select student0_.Student_Id as Student1_0_, 
student0_.First_Name as First2_0_, student0_.Last_Name as 
Last3_0_, student0_.Class as Class0_, student0_.RollNo as 
RollNo0_, student0_.Age as Age0_ from Student 
student0_ where student0_.RollNo=?
First Name: Sunil
Last Name: Kunar
Class: MCA final
RollNo: MCA/07/15
Age: 27

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